Monthly Meteorological Report for Ferny Grove, Brisbane in December 2019 – little rain, warm nights and hot days

In December overnight temperatures were above average and the highest in 5 years. Daytime temperatures were well above average and record high. Across the Brisbane area overnight temperatures were above average or close to average at some sites. Daytime temperatures were well above average at all of the official sites and record high at many locations with a high number of warm to hot days. Rainfall at Ferny Grove was below average and was the lowest December rainfall total in 6 years. Many sites in the Brisbane area saw well below average rainfall totals. Some sites observed average or above average rainfall totals as a result of a slow severe thunderstorm in the evening of the 11th. At Ferny Grove air pressure was close to average, mean, minimum and maximum relative humidity was well below average, mean and mean maximum dew point was below average, mean minimum dew point was well below average, wind speed was above average and there were 5 thunderstorms (4 thunder days).

 

Temperature – above average night-time and very well above average day-time temperatures

Monthly Mean Minimum Temperature: 19.6 ºC, 0.6 ºC above average and 0.1 ºC higher than same month in 2018. This is the third highest on record for December and the highest since 20 ºC in 2014. During December in the Brisbane area mean minimum temperatures were above average at most sites and close to average at some sites and these were mostly some of the inland sites. The sites that were above average saw mean minimum temperatures that were between 0.7 ºC (Point Lookout with a mean minimum temperature of 22.1 ºC and Redcliffe with a mean minimum temperature of 21.7 ºC) and 1 ºC above average (Cape Moreton Lighthouse with a mean minimum temperature of 22 ºC). The highest mean minimum temperature was 22 ºC at Cape Moreton Lighthouse, whilst the lowest mean minimum temperature was 16.7 ºC at Canungra. The lowest anomaly from the long-term average was 0.1 ºC below average observed at Amberley with a mean minimum temperature of 34.6 ºC. Brisbane observed a mean minimum temperature of 21.2 ºC (0.8 ºC above average).

 

Monthly Mean Maximum Temperature: 33 ºC, 3.0 ºC above average and 2.6 ºC higher than same month in 2018. This is the highest on record for December, exceeding the previous record high of 32.2 ºC in 2009. During December all official sites in the Brisbane area measured above to well above mean maximum temperatures that was at least 1 ºC above average and 3 ºC to 4 ºC above average at the inland sites. Five of these official sites equalled or exceeded records for December mean maximum temperatures. For Gatton and Amberley these temperatures exceeded the previous record set in 1953 and 1957 respectively. The lowest mean maximum temperature of the official sites was 28.5 ºC at Cape Moreton Lighthouse (2.3 ºC above average). Except for the inland sites mean maximum temperatures ranged between 1.3 ºC above average at Brisbane Aero (29.5 ºC) and 2.9 ºC above average at Beerburrum (32.6 ºC). The highest mean maximum temperature was 4.4 ºC above average at Gatton (35.7 ºC) which also observed the highest anomaly from the long-term average. The other inland measured significantly high mean maximum temperatures of 34.6 ºC at Amberley (3.8 ºC above average), 32.5 ºC at Archerfield (2.9 ºC above average) and 34.7 ºC at Beaudesert (4.3 ºC above average). Brisbane observed a mean maximum temperature of 31.9 ºC (2.4 ºC above average).

 

Mean Monthly Temperature: 26.3 ºC, 1.8 ºC above average and 1.4 ºC higher than same month in 2018. This is the second highest on record for December and the highest since the current record high of 26.4 ºC in 2009.

 

Lowest Temperature: 14.4 ºC on 4 December 2019 at 4:59 AM. Same month in 2018 was 14.9 ºC. This is the fourth highest monthly minimum temperature for December on record, the ninth lowest daily minimum temperature for December and the lowest since 13.8 ºC in 2017 on 6 December at 5:20 AM. Official stations in the Brisbane area observed the lowest temperature of the month on the 4th and 5th at most sites and at some site on the 14th and 27th. The lowest was 11.1 ºC at Beaudesert on the 6th and the highest was 19.8 ºC at Point Lookout on the 27th. There were some cool nights in the first week of the month and during some nights later in the month. Throughout the month however there was a high number of warm nights. Beerburrum observed a new record low for December minimum temperature of 11.5 ºC on the 6th exceeding the previous record of 11.6 ºC on the 7th December 2013.

 

Highest Temperature: 42.8 ºC on 16 December 2019 at 1:00 PM. The same month in 2018 was 39.8 ºC. This is the highest monthly and daily maximum temperature for December on record, exceeding the previous record high of 39.8 ºC in 2018 on 21 December at 2:47 PM. The official sites measured the highest temperature for the month on the 16th at many sites, and some sites in the 2nd, 4th and 6th. The lowest was 33.4 ºC at Cape Moreton Lighthouse on the 2nd and the highest was 43.4 ºC at Gatton on the 16th. Brisbane observed its highest temperature of 41.2 ºC on the 16th. There were a high number of days that saw above average maximum temperatures across all sites throughout the month and especially during the first half of the month. Many sites including the sites closer to the coast saw several days of temperature near or greater than 40 ºC. On the 16th 7 sites observed maximum temperatures of 40 ºC or higher with Gatton, Archerfield, Logan City Treatment Plant, Beerburrum and Brisbane exceeded previous December highest maximum temperature records. Except for Logan City Treatment Plant which exceeded the record by 0.2 ºC these sites exceeded the record by between 1.2 ºC and 1.6 ºC. Brisbane observed a mean maximum temperature of 41.2 ºC (2.4 ºC above average) exceeding the previous record of 40 ºC on 24 December 2001.

 

Lowest Maximum Temperature: 26.6 ºC on 25 December 2019 at 9:00 AM. This is the second highest monthly lowest maximum temperature for December on record, the highest since 27.1 ºC in 2017 on 4 December at 10:05 AM, the twenty-sixth lowest maximum temperature for December and lowest since 23.9 ºC on 16 December 2018 at 9:00 AM. This month in 2018 was 23.9 ºC. Most of the official stations in the Brisbane area measured the coolest day on the 25th and at some coastal sites on the 17th. These ranged between 25.5 ºC at Cape Moreton Lighthouse on the 1st and 28.8 ºC at Beaudesert on the 25th. In the Brisbane area there were cool days on some days later in the month. The cool days on the 25th was associated with cloud coverage with showers.

 

Highest Minimum Temperature: 23.4 ºC on 24 December 2019 at 1:31 AM. This is the fifth highest monthly December highest minimum temperature on record, the seventh highest daily minimum temperature for December and the highest since 24 ºC in 2017 on 31 December at 5:21 AM. This month in 2018 was 23.3 ºC. During the month the official stations in the Brisbane area measured the warmest nights scattered throughout the period of the 8th to the 24th. These ranged between 22.6 ºC at Beerburrum on the 8th and 24.5 ºC at Redcliffe on the 16th. In the Brisbane area warm nights were observed during several periods throughout the month.

 

Monthly Mean Minimum Grass Temperature: 18 ºC (0.2ºC higher than same month in 2018).

 

Lowest Minimum Grass Temperature: 11 ºC on 4 December 2019 (2 ºC lower than same month in 2018). This coincided with the lowest minimum temperature of 14.4 ºC for the month.

 

Highest Minimum Grass Temperature: 22.8 ºC on 1 December 2019 (0.9 ºC higher than same month in 2018).

 

Highest Minimum Grass Temperature Depression: 5.3 ºC on 24 December 2019 with a minimum grass temperature of 18.1 ºC and an air temperature of 23.4 ºC.

 

Lowest Minimum Grass Temperature Depression: 0.5 ºC on 1 December 2019 with a minimum grass temperature of 22.8 ºC and an air temperature of 23.3 ºC.

 

Minimum temperatures in December was mostly above average with some nights close to average and a low number of below average nights mostly early in the month. The month started warm with the 1st 1ºC above average and the 2nd was 2 ºC above average before cooling to 1 ºC below average on the 3rd. The 4th to 5th was 4 ºC to 5 ºC below average when the coolest temperatures of the month occurred before a warmer period from the 8th. The 8th was 4 ºC above average, 3 ºC above average on the 9th, 2 ºC above average on the 10th and 3 ºC above average on the 11th. The 12th was close to average, warming to 3 ºC above average on the 13th and cooling again to near average on the 14th. The 15th and 16th was 1 ºC and 2 ºC above average respectively, close to average on the 17th, 1 ºC to 2 ºC below average between the 18th and 21st. The 22nd was close to average, 4 ºC above average on the 23rd and 24th and cooled to 2 ºC above average on the 25th to 27th. The month ended with close to average minimum temperatures on the 29th and 30th and 2 ºC above average on the 31st.

 

In December maximum temperatures were predominately above average especially in the first half of the month. Cool days during the month only occurred in the last week of the month with a low number of close to average days occurring. The month started with a 12-day period of high temperature where the 1st to 4th was 4 ºC to 5 ºC above average and increasing to 9 ºC above average on the 5th to 7th with 39 ºC maximum temperatures on these days. The temperature eased back to 3 ºC above average on the 8th and 2 ºC above average on the 9th before warming again to 5 ºC above average on the 10th, 6 ºC above average on the 11th and 3 ºC above average on the 12th. Cooler temperatures followed briefly with the 13th 1 ºC above average before rising to 2 ºC above average on the 14th, 4 ºC above average on the 15th before the highest temperature of the month which was 13 ºC above average. Cooler conditions then followed with the 17th and 18th close to average before rising to 1 ºC above average on the 19th, 2 ºC to 3 ºC above average on the 20th to 22nd and then easing to 1 ºC to 2 ºC above average on the 23rd and 24th. The 25th was the coolest day of the month being 3 ºC below average, followed by near average on the 26th and cooling to 3 ºC below average on the 27th. The 28th was 1 ºC below average while the 29th to 31st was 1 ºC above average.

 

Heatwave Conditions (Maximum temperatures): 4th to 22nd: Low intensity on 4th, 8th to 22nd, Severe intensity on 5th to 7th

 

MSL pressure – close to average air pressure

Monthly Mean Minimum MSL Pressure: 1010.6 hPa (0.5 hPa lower than same month in 2018). This is the fifth lowest on record for December and the highest since 1010.3 hPa in 2017.

 

Monthly Mean Maximum MSL Pressure: 1015.8 hPa (0.3 hPa lower than same month in 2018). This is the fifth lowest on record for December and the lowest since 1014.4 hPa in 2017.

 

Monthly Mean MSL Pressure: 1013.2 hPa (0.1 hPa below average, 0.4 hPa lower than same month in 2018). This is the fifth lowest on record for December and the lowest since 1012.3 hPa in 2017.

Lowest MSL Pressure: 998.2 hPa on 2 December 2019 at 3:03 PM. The same month in 2018 saw 1000.4 hPa. This is the second lowest monthly and daily minimum air pressure for December, and the lowest since the current record low of 998 hPa in 2009 on 27 December.

 

Highest MSL Pressure: 1021.2 hPa on 9 December 2019 at 8:07 AM. The same month in 2018 saw 1021.8 hPa. This is the fifth lowest December monthly maximum air pressure, the lowest since 1019.5 hPa in 2017 on 10 December at 8:42 PM, the equal fourteenth highest daily maximum air pressure for December and the highest since 1021.4 hPa on 8 December 2018 at 8:40 AM.

Note: Air pressure measurements are being closely monitored to maintain its accuracy. Over the month of December, a difference of 0.01 hPa higher compared to the official BoM Brisbane site – No. 040913 was observed which is deemed acceptable.

 

Relative Humidity – well below average mean humidity, mean minimum humidity, and mean maximum humidity

Monthly Mean Minimum Humidity: 32.3 % (14 % lower than same month in 2018 and 9.5 % below average). This is the lowest on record for December exceeding the previous record low of 38.7% in 2009.

 

Monthly Mean Maximum Humidity: 76.5 % (11.2 % lower than same month in 2018 and 9.4 % below average). This is second lowest on record for December and the lowest since the current record low of 86 % in 2009.

 

Monthly Mean Humidity: 54.4 % (12.6 % lower than same month in 2018 and 9.5 % below average). This is the lowest on record for December exceeding the previous record low of 62.1% in 2009.

 

Lowest Humidity: 1 % on 5 December 2019 at 9:21 AM (12 % lower than this month in 2018). This is the lowest monthly and daily minimum humidity for December on record exceeding the old record of 10 % on 5 December 2018 at 7:15 PM.

 

Highest Humidity: 91 % on 25 December 2019 at 2:12 AM (6 % lower than this month in 2018). This is the lowest monthly December maximum humidity on record exceeding the previous record low of 95% in 2016 on 26 December at 6:00 AM.

 

Dew point – below average mean and mean maximum dew point and well below average minimum dew point

Monthly mean minimum dew point: 8.5 ºC (5 ºC below average). This is the lowest monthly mean minimum dew point for December on record exceeding the old record of 15.3 ºC in 2018.

 

Monthly mean maximum dew point: 18 ºC (0.9 ºC below average). This is the second lowest monthly mean maximum dew point for December and the lowest since the current record low of 16.4 ºC in 2009.

Monthly mean dew point: 13.3 ºC (2.9 ºC below average). This is the lowest monthly mean dew point for December on record exceeding the previous record low of 16.9 ºC in 2009.

 

Lowest dew point: -29.8 ºC on 5 December 2019 at 9:30 AM. This is the lowest monthly and daily dew point for December on record, exceeding the previous record of 2.5 ºC on 5 December 2012 at 9:25 PM.

 

Highest dew point: 22.4 ºC om 25 December 2019 at 11:13 AM. This is the second lowest monthly maximum dew point on record for December, the lowest since the current record low of 20.8 ºC in 2009 on 20 December, the equal twenty-sixth highest daily dew point for December and the highest since 23.1 ºC on 22 December 2018 at 3:42 PM.

 

Wind Speed – above average wind speed

Maximum Wind Gust: 54 km/hr on 11 December 2019 at 10:07 AM. This is the fifth highest and lowest December maximum wind gust and the highest since 59.6 km/hr in 2017 on the 8 December at 9:32 PM. The maximum wind gust this month in 2018 was 48 km/hr. This is the tenth highest daily wind gust on record for December and the highest since 55.7 km/hr in 2017 on the 9 December at 5:42 PM.

 

Maximum Wind Speed: 27 km/hr on 2 December 2019 at 10:55 AM (Moderate Force Wind). This is the second lowest monthly maximum wind speed for December on record, the highest since 41.6 km/hr in 2017 on 9 December at 5:50 PM, the thirty-first highest daily wind speed on record for December and the highest since the aforementioned 31.1 km/hr on 25 December 2017 at 7:42 AM.

Wind Run: 4463.4 km (409.4 km higher than same month in 2018), 1327.4 km above average and 42.3 % above average. This is the highest on record for December total wind run exceeding the previous record of 4054 km in 2018.

 

Monthly Mean Wind Speed: 6.0 km/hr (1.8 km higher than this month in 2018), 1.9 km/hr above average and 46.3 % above average. This is the highest on record for December exceeding the previous record high of 5.5 km/hr in 2018.

 

Daily Mean Maximum Wind Gust: 31.5 km/hr (2.8 km/hr higher than this month in 2018), 7.1 km/hr above average and 28.9 % above average. This is the fourth highest daily mean maximum wind speed on record for December and the highest since 33.7 km/hr in 2017.

 

Daily Mean Maximum Wind Speed: 16.6 km/hr, 1.9 km/hr higher than this month last year, 5.9 km/hr above average and 55.2 % above average. This is the second highest daily mean maximum wind speed on record for December and the highest since 18.8 km/hr in 2017.

 

Dominant Direction: E (E this month last year).

 

Rainfall – below average rainfall

Monthly Rainfall Total: 56 mm (73.2 mm below average) and 43.3% of the long-term average. This total is in decile 2/ 16th percentile which ranks as very low and 32 mm below the long-term median (63 % of long term median). This total is lower than this month last year which was 80.1 mm, and the fourth lowest on record for December and the lowest since 49.7 mm in 2013. Rainfall for 2019 as a whole was 53.7% of the long-term average. Several long period rainfall totals have continued to see well below average rainfall totals at Ferny Grove. July to December rainfall was 130.8 mm (236.9 mm below average), which is in the lowest 10 % of the records for 6 month period rainfall for all months and the lowest for July to December rainfall since 93 mm in 2003. The 9 monthly rainfall total was 474 mm (148.8 mm below average and in the lowest 20% of records) and was the lowest since 372.4 mm in 2014. 12 monthly, 18 monthly and 24 monthly rainfall totals also shows a strong negative anomaly from the long-term average of between 369 mm below average for 18 month rainfall total to 511.8 mm below average for the 12 month rainfall total.

 

Many of the main official sites in the Brisbane area saw well below average rainfall totals whilst some sites observed near average or above average rainfall totals. Of all the official sites Woodford Stanmore observed record low December rain total of 49.7 mm (old record was 49.8 mm in 2015) and Lindfield, Coominya Post Office, Esk Post Office and Somerset Dam saw totals that were the lowest in 25 to 43 years. Many sites at coastal and inland locations observed totals that ranked as low ranging between 34% of the long-term average (Gatton measuring 33.2 mm) which the lowest total of the main official sites and 52% of the long-term average (Point Lookout with 67.2 mm). Archerfield observed a total of 134.4 mm which ranked as average (108% of the long-term average). Also ranking as average was Brisbane Aero which observed a total of 112.4 mm (94% of the long-term average). The highest total of the main sites was 207.8 mm at Brisbane which ranked as high (161 % of the long-term average and observed the highest anomaly above the long-term average). Of all the official sites the highest monthly total was 222.3 mm at Brisbane Botanic Gardens Mt Coot-Tha and the lowest monthly total was 20.9 mm at Lindfield.

 

In the evening of the 11th slow moving severe thunderstorms produced heavy rainfall at Brisbane and surrounding areas. Brisbane saw 120 mm in the 2 hours from 10pm with a new record for December daily rain of 130.4 mm on the 12th exceeding the previous record of 84 mm on 31 December 2001. Between the 24th and 27th there were thunderstorms and showers in the Greater Brisbane Area with total of more than 20 mm.

 

Number of Rain Days (0.1 mm or greater): 7 days, 6 less than this month in 2018 and 3.1 days below average. This is the equal fifth lowest on record for December and is the lowest since 3 days in 2008.

 

Highest Daily Total: 21.2 mm on 25 December 2019. This is the seventh lowest December highest daily rainfall on record on monthly basis, the lowest since 21 mm on 7 December 2016, the fourth-seventh highest December daily rainfall on record on daily basis and the highest since 36 mm on 17 December 2018. The highest daily total in the Brisbane area of all official sites was 130.4 mm at Brisbane on the 12 December 2019.

 

Monthly Rainfall Total – (automatic gauge) 24 hours to 9am: 54.6 mm (1.4 mm less than the site official standard gauge and within 2.5 %). Highest daily total of automatic gauge, (24 hours to 9am): 20.8 mm on 25 December 2019, (24 hours from midnight): 15.4 mm on 25 December 2019.

 

Note: This automatic gauge for the month of December, meets the expected accuracy (of +/- 10% of the standard gauge) at -2.5%.

 

On the 1st was a brief mild thunderstorm with light rain in the early afternoon followed by a mild brief thunderstorm with some heavy rain. During the rest of the afternoon and evening some light rain followed. On the 2nd was a few very brief light showers in the early hours with 4.1 mm measured on the 2nd. In the late afternoon of the 11th was a dry thunderstorm with no rainfall. In the late afternoon was a moderate thunderstorm with gusty winds and heavy rainfall followed by light thundery rain. On the 12th 12.2 mm was measured. In the late afternoon of the 12th was a nearby thunderstorm with no rainfall. On the 13th was a moderate afternoon brief thunderstorm with heavy rainfall with most rainfall occurring during a 6 minute period. On the 14th 3.4 mm was measured. In the evening of the 24th was a brief severe thunderstorm with a brief period of very heavy rainfall and fierce electrical activity, then thunder from nearby thunderstorms and light rain during the rest of the evening. On the 25th 21.2 mm was measured. From the late morning to early afternoon of the 25th was a few showers with moderate falls, followed by light showers in the early hours of the 26th which brought 12.5 mm on the 26th. In the early hours of the 27th was some light showers, and also in the morning and early afternoon with 0.6 mm measured on the 28th. In the late evening of the 30th was a light to moderate shower, followed by light showers in the early hours, early morning and mid-morning of the 31st with 2 mm measured on the 31st.

 

There was 0 days with falls of at least 25 mm (1 less than same month in 2018) with 1 days of less than 1 mm (5 less than same month in 2018).

 

Highest rainfall rate was 188.8 mm/hr on the 24 December 2019 at 7:51 PM. This is the highest monthly rainfall rate for December and exceeded the previous record high of 112.8 mm/hr in 2015 on 10 December at 7:27 PM.

 

The highest hourly rainfall total was 15.4 mm on the 24 December 2019 at 8:45 PM. This is the third highest monthly hourly rain for December, the highest since 22.8 mm in 2017 on 25 December at 7:46 PM, the fourth highest daily hourly rainfall total for December and the highest since 20.7 mm on 31 December 2017 at 3:09 PM.

 

Number of severe thunderstorms: 1

 

Number of thunderstorms: 5 (Mild: 2, Moderate: 2)

 

Number of thunder days: 4 days

 

Number of nearby storms: 2

 

Severe thunderstorms of note in the Brisbane area: 11th – slow moving thunderstorms at Brisbane and surrounding coastal locations in the Greater Brisbane area with heavy falls over several hours.

 

Remarks for month:

• Cloudy in the afternoon of the 1st with some thunderstorms with a hot day
• Mostly sunny on the 2nd with smoke haze. A hot day with the temperature very stable close to the maximum for 2 hours during the afternoon. Low humidity with a W to SW wind change in the morning.
• A hot and sunny day on the 3rd with smoke and dust haze. The temperature was stable for 2.5 hours during the afternoon. Low humidity from early in the day rising sharply in the late afternoon and was moderately low through to the afternoon. The dew point fell to a low of -10 C and the relative humidity fell to a low of 6% in the afternoon.
• The 4th saw a cool morning followed by a hot day with increasing smoke haze under sunny skies. The dew point was moderately low early in the day and fell during the morning to a low of -16 C before rising from the afternoon and remained moderately low. Relative humidity was low over the entire day and fell very quickly during the morning to a low of 3% in the afternoon.
• Smoke haze on the 5th and sunny after a cool morning with another hot day. The temperature rose very quickly during the day before cooler winds in the afternoon. The dew point fell very quickly early in the day and in the morning and was stable at -30 C through to the afternoon before rising very sharply in the afternoon but remained moderately low for the rest of the day. Relative humidity was also very low and fell to a low of 1%.
• On the 6th it was sunny with smoke haze. A hot day after a cool morning. The temperature rose quickly during the morning and remained near the maximum for 2 hours in the afternoon. The dew point fell from the morning becoming very low to -15 C in the afternoon and then temporarily rose during the afternoon while remaining low. Relative humidity was also low returning to near average in the evening and fell to a low of 3% in the afternoon.
• A hot day on the 7th with the maximum temperature reached in the late morning and thick smoke haze.
• The 8th saw smoke haze with cloudy during the morning and later in the afternoon and sunny skies otherwise. The temperature was variable in the morning and afternoon.
• Smoke haze on the 9th with variable temperature in the mid-morning to mid-afternoon.
• Smoke haze on the 10th with variable dew point in the morning and afternoon.
• A hot day before cooling with thickening high-level clouds developing in the afternoon of the 11th. This brought a dry thunderstorm before a moderate thunderstorm with gusty W to SW and heavy rain and a maximum wind gust of 54 kph followed by thundery rain.
• A nearby thunderstorm on the 12th with increasing clouds in the afternoon with smoke haze. A warm day with the temperature variable from the mid-morning to mid-afternoon.
• Increasing clouds during the afternoon of the 13th with a brief moderate thunderstorm with heavy rain in the late afternoon
• Smoke haze with variable temperature from mid morning to mid afternoon on the 14th
• Smoke haze on the 15th with a warm day where the maximum temperature was reached in the late morning
• The 16th was a very hot day becoming mostly sunny with smoke haze. The temperature rose very quickly and steadily during the morning and reached 40 C in the late morning. The temperature fell slightly in the early afternoon with a E to SE wind change after hot and dry W to SW winds earlier in the day. The dew point fell very quickly in the late morning partially recovering with the wind change and the minimum was -11 C. The relative humidity became low during the day to a low of 3% before recovering following the change whilst remaining moderately low
• Smoke haze on the 17th
• Mostly sunny during the afternoon of the 18th with variable temperature in the mid morning to mid afternoon
• Mostly sunny on the 19th and 20th and smoke haze returned on the 20th
• Mostly sunny with smoke haze on the 21st, a warm morning and variable temperature from mid-morning to mid-afternoon.
• Mostly sunny during morning of the 22nd with smoke haze persisting
• Early cloud on the 23rd reduced during the morning with a resulting warm morning and smoke haze remained. Variable temperature in the afternoon with the clearing cloud.
• Cloudy during much of the 24th with a warm morning. A severe thunderstorm with fierce electrical activity was followed by thundery rain. Variable during the mid-morning to mid-afternoon. The temperature fell 3 C in 15 minutes with the thunderstorm. Relative humidity rose and became high with the evening thunderstorm.
• Cloudy with showers and onshore winds on the 25th. Stable temperature early in the day and during the morning. Relative humidity was high over the entire day.
• A warm morning on the 26th with stable temperature early in the day and variable temperature from mid-morning to mid-afternoon with further showers. Cloudy periods.
• Variable temperature from mid morning to mid afternoon on the 28th and 30th and to some degree on the 29th
• Stable temperature for 2 hrs in evening of the 30th before a shower in the late evening
• A warm and cloudy morning on the 31st with variable temperature from mid-morning to mid-afternoon.

Weather influences

• A broad surface trough extended from north-west to southern inland of the state on the 1st extending a warm unstable air mass to the east of the trough
• On the 2nd the inland surface trough extended from north-west to the south-east of the state. This extended a relatively moist air mass to its east and a drier airmass in its wake with dry winds and elevated fire dangers
• On the 3rd the surface trough contracted northwards into central parts of the state allowing a drier air mass to extend over southern Queensland
• A surface trough extended from the north of the state to the south-eastern inland extended a dry air mass over southern parts of the state with stable conditions
• The surface trough became slow moving on the 5th and this continued to maintain a hot, stable and dry air mass over southern Queensland. This produced hot conditions with smoke haze.
• On the 6th the surface trough extended from the north of the state and along the east coast into the south-east as another trough shifted eastwards over the south. This continues to maintain a hot and dry air mass with elevated fire dangers.
• A surface trough extended from the north-west to the south-east inland of the state maintaining a hot and very dry air mass over southern Queensland. A trough shifted through the region late in the day and a south-easterly wind change.
• On the 8th the hot and dry air mass remained in place as a surface trough persists from the north-west to the Darling Downs region.
• A slow moving surface trough over south-west Queensland replaced the existing trough on the 9th maintaining a hot and dry air mass over southern Queensland
• The 10th saw the surface trough over the interior of the state with a continuation of the warm and dry air mass over southern Queensland.
• On the 11th the surface trough persisted from the north-west to the southern inland of the state and extended a hot and unstable air mass over the south-east of the state with some showers and thunderstorms.
• Elevated fire dangers remained on the 12th to 14th as the surface trough remained slow moving. The surface trough brought warm to hot conditions with instability for showers and thunderstorms.
• The 15th saw the slow moving surface trough extend from the north-west of the state to the Darling Downs and extended dry and hot conditions into the south-east of the state.
• The slow moving trough shifted slightly further east on the 16th into the south-east extending a extremely hot and dry air mass into the south-east ahead of the trough with increasing fire dangers. A south-easterly wind change moved into the south-east later in the day as a high pressure ridge following the trough shifts eastwards.
• On the 17th a high pressure system in the Tasman Sea extended onshore winds along the south Queensland coast bringing smoke haze over the region as the inland trough remains in place
• The high pressure ridge continued along the east Queensland coast on the 18th pushing the inland trough further inland away from the east Queensland coast
• The high pressure ridge started to ease along the south Queensland coast on the 19th with stable conditions and pushed the inland surface trough into the west of the state
• A new high pressure system moved into the Tasman Sea on the 20th and reinforced the ridge along the east Queensland coast though the ridge was weak along the south Queensland coast. Smoke haze continued over the south-east of the state.
• An upper level ridge extended dry, stable and hot conditions over southern Queensland on the 21st and 22nd while the high pressure system continued to extend a ridge along the east Queensland coast.
• On the 23rd the high pressure ridge remained along the east Queensland coast continuing to extend onshore winds. A surface trough over the interior of the state brought some instability over the south-east of the state.
• The high pressure ridge continued along the east Queensland coast on the 24th with onshore winds. A upper level trough approached the south-east of the state late in the day leading to a deepening of a surface that extended into the south-east of the state with moist and unstable conditions.
• An upper level trough and a deepening surface trough slowly moved northwards over eastern parts of the state with continued unsettled conditions over the region on the 25th. A high pressure system also continued to extend a high pressure ridge along the east Queensland coast
• On the 26th some instability lingered over the region as the upper level trough moved further north into central parts of the state as the surface trough persists over the inland. The high pressure ridge and onshore winds continued along the east Queensland coast.
• A high pressure system remained in the Tasman Sea extending settled conditions and onshore winds in the region on the 27th to 31st.
• No days of dew observed.

Daily weather notes

• 1/12/19: Partly cloudy with cu and sc clouds increasing during the middle of the day with ac and ci clouds also before becoming cloudy also with cb clouds in the afternoon and cu, sc and as clouds later in the afternoon. A brief light early afternoon thunderstorm followed by a mild brief thunderstorm with brief heavy rain. Some light rain followed in the afternoon and evening. A hot day with the temperature rising quickly during the morning. Smoke haze cleared. The maximum temperature was reached before cloud increased and fell from the late morning. Dew point was stable and near average early before generally rising from the late morning and became moderately high in the early afternoon. Following the storm, the dew point stabilised before slowly falling from the late afternoon whilst being near average. Relative humidity was moderately low early in the day becoming near average during the day. Relative humidity in the afternoon was high and was stable through to the evening. Light SE to SW winds becoming N to NE early in the day with calm winds at times. N to ENE winds becoming variable during the morning, E to NE from the late morning, briefly N to NW during the storm, lighter N to ENE winds with some ENE to SE winds for the rest of the afternoon and N to NE in the evening.
• 2/12/19: Mostly sunny with some cu and ci clouds clearing during the morning. Smoke haze developed from the morning with a wind change. A few very brief light showers in the early hours. A hot day with the temperature rising very steadily through the morning and then at a slower rate from 10am before reaching the maximum in the afternoon. The temperature rose 10 C in the 4 hours to 10am and the temperature was very stable close to the maximum for 2 hours in the afternoon. A dry wind change at 8am pushed the dew point and relative humidity downwards very quickly with the dew point becoming very low later in the morning and fell to a low of -4 C in the early afternoon. The dew point gradually rose from mid-afternoon while remaining low. Relative humidity also became very low later in the morning to a minimum of 8% in the afternoon before slowly rising for the rest of the day whilst remaining low. Light N to NW winds with a fraction of W to WSW winds before increasing gusty light W to NW winds from 8am until the end of the day with moderate winds from 10am through to 4pm and easing in speed later in the afternoon and in the evening. Some NW to NNW winds at times during the morning.
• 3/12/19: A fine, hot and sunny day. Dust and smoke haze. The temperature was stable near the maximum temperature for 2.5 hours from 1:30pm before falling at 4:10pm. The dew point was low early in the day while slowly rising before falling from the early morning and became very low in the late morning. The dew point fell further through the afternoon to a low of -10 C before rising sharply at 4:10pm when it rose 13 C in 4 minutes. Following this the dew point was moderately low and stable before starting to fall in the late evening. Relative humidity was also low with a overnight maximum of 45% early in the day before falling in the morning to a low of 6% in the afternoon. The relative humidity rose quickly in the late afternoon and then slower through the evening whilst remaining low. Light and variable winds early and calm at times before N to WSW winds from the morning, shifting E to NNE from 4pm, N to NW later in the evening and then became calm.
• 4/12/19: A cool morning and a hot day. Sunny with increasing smoke haze. The dew point fell in the early hours moderately low and fell quite quickly through the morning to a low of -16 C at midday. From midday the dew point rose (briefly rising quickly at first) and became stable during the evening whilst being moderately low. Relative humidity was stable and low early in the day before quickly falling during the morning to a low of 3% at midday. In the afternoon and evening the relative humidity rose but remained low. Light and variable winds early were calm at times with SW to SE winds during the morning with some E to SE winds, ESE to NE in the afternoon, E to NE from mid-afternoon and NW to NE in the evening.
• 5/12/19: Fine and sunny. Smoke haze. A cool morning and a hot day. The temperature rose quickly from early in the day and steadily rose at a slower rate from 8am. The maximum temperature was reached in the afternoon before a wind shift. Dew point was near stable and moderately low before falling during the morning and reached -30 C in the mid-morning. The dew point remained this low through to the afternoon while slowly rising. At 2:20pm the dew point rose very sharply with the wind shift rising 16 C in 2 minutes and then more gradually through to the evening becoming stable but moderately low later in the evening. Relative humidity was moderately low early in the day before falling very quickly in the morning. The relative humidity was very low and mostly between 1 and 2% until the wind shift in the afternoon saw the humidity rise sharply and then rise slower for the rest of the day while remaining low. Calm winds early in the day before dry NW to SW winds developed during the morning, N to NW from later in the morning. Some N to NE winds in the afternoon at times before shifting ESE to NE from the mid-afternoon, followed E to NE and became calm later in the evening.
• 6/12/19: Fine and sunny with smoke haze. A cool morning followed by a hot day. The temperature increased quickly during the morning reaching the maximum during the middle of the day. For about 2 hours the temperature remained near the maximum before falling. The dew point was stable and moderately low early in the day before falling during the morning and became very low later in the morning. The dew point stopped falling during the early afternoon before falling to a low of -15 C. From 2pm the dew point rose, returning to near average in the early evening and started to fall later in the evening becoming moderately low. Relative humidity was mostly stable and low early in the day before falling quickly during the morning. From the late morning the relative humidity was generally between 4 and 6% and fell briefly to a low of 3%. From the mid-afternoon the relative humidity rose becoming near average in the evening. Calm winds early in the day, light W to SW winds becoming S to SE in the early morning before ENE to SE winds from the mid-morning with some NNE to ENE winds later in the morning. Light winds with some moderate winds became E to NE in the afternoon. In the evening winds were N to ENE with some ENE to SE and became calm at times later in the evening.
• 7/12/19: A hot day reaching the maximum just before midday. During the second half of the afternoon the temperature fell quicker with a shift in wind direction. In the evening the temperature became stable. Thick smoke haze. The dew point was moderately low early in the day, rising to near average in the early hours before falling to moderately low later in the morning. The dew point was variable from the late morning while generally rising and returning to near average in the late afternoon before falling in the evening and stabilising in the late evening while remaining close to average. Relative humidity was moderately low early in the day, fell quickly during the morning and became low before generally rising from the late morning and at higher rate with the wind shift. In the evening the relative humidity was moderately low and started to fall slowly. Light and variable winds at times early in the day before SSE to ENE winds during the morning, ESE to ENE from the late morning, E to SE easing winds from 3pm and S to SE in the evening.
• 8/12/19: Cloudy with sc clouds during the morning and later in the afternoon and sunny otherwise. Smoke haze. Variable temperature in the morning and afternoon. The dew point rose very slowly over the entire day and was near average. Moderately low relative humidity early in the day and near average for the rest of the day. Light S to SE winds from early in the day and with some S to WSW winds, E to SE from the late morning with some E to NE winds in the middle of the day and veered slightly to become SE to SW in the evening.
• 9/12/19: Partly cloudy with sc and cu clouds. Smoke haze. Variable temperature from the mid-morning to mid-afternoon. Dew point was near average and generally rose gradually from the morning after falling slightly early in the day and became stable later in the evening. Moderately low relative humidity became near average from the morning. Light S to SW winds at times early in the day with some S to SE winds, from the mid-morning was ENE to ESE, E to SE in the afternoon, E to NE later in the afternoon and NNW to NE later in the evening.
• 10/12/19: Fine. Partly cloudy with cu and sc in the early morning and later in the afternoon and sunny otherwise. Smoke haze. Dew point was variable in the morning and afternoon while generally falling slowly before becoming stable in the evening. Calm winds in the early hours, NW to NE winds during the morning, followed by variable winds between ESE and N, becoming ESE to NE from the late morning. Light E to NE winds followed from the mid-afternoon and N to ENE in the evening. Later in the evening winds were ENE to SE winds along with a period of calm winds.
• 11/12/19: A dry thunderstorm with no rainfall during the late afternoon. A moderate thunderstorm (the edge of a slow-moving severe thunderstorm) in the late evening with gusty winds and heavy rainfall followed by light thundery rain. Partly cloudy with cu and sc clouds developing from the morning. Thickening ci, cs and as clouds developing in the afternoon before and following the dry thunderstorm with also cb clouds. A hot day with the maximum temperature reached in the early afternoon before the cloud cover increased. A major drop in the temperature of 5 C in 15 minutes at 10pm with the thunderstorm before becoming stable. Dew point was stable and near average early in the day before very slowly rising during the day. The dew point fell with the thunderstorm in the evening of 4 C in 5 minutes while remaining near average and before becoming stable. Relative humidity was moderately low early in the day and near average during the day. Relative humidity was high in the evening with a brief fall with the arrival of the evening thunderstorm before rising during the thunderstorm. Light N to NE winds became calm in the early hours before SSW to ESE winds in the early morning. Light E to NE winds in the morning, E to ESE from 1pm and 3pm, followed by E to NE winds in the evening. Later in the evening ahead of the storm winds switched to W to SW before light to moderate and gusty winds with the storm with a gust of 54kph. The wind eased during the thunderstorm and slowly veering for the rest of the evening ending with S to SE winds.
• 12/12/19: Partly cloudy with sc and cu clouds developing from the morning with increasing ci, cs and ac clouds in the afternoon. A nearby thunderstorm with no rainfall in the late afternoon. Smoke haze. A warm day and the temperature was a little variable later in the morning and in the afternoon. Dew point rose from early in the day and became stable from the mid-morning while remaining near average. Near average relative humidity. Light and variable winds with N to NW winds for several hours early in the day and calm at times, variable between SW and E during the morning before becoming E to SE from the mid-morning. In the afternoon winds were ENE to SE, E to NE from mid-afternoon with some N to NE in the evening.
• 13/12/19: Increasing cu and sc clouds from the morning with cloudy periods and cb and ac in the afternoon. A mid-afternoon moderate brief thunderstorm with heavy rain with most rainfall recorded during a 6 minute period from 4:22pm. The temperature was variable from mid-morning until the thunderstorm with a brief but large drop in temperature with the storm. Dew point was stable and near average early in the day before rising during the morning, became moderately high during the middle of the day before falling from the early afternoon but remained close to average. Relative humidity was near average over most of the day and in the evening. The relative humidity became high with a sharp rise in relative humidity in the late afternoon with the thunderstorm. Light NE to NW winds became calm in the early hours, NNE to E from the early morning, ENE to SE from mid-morning, E to NE from late morning, SSE to ESE with the thunderstorm and NE to SE after the storm. In the evening winds were ENE to SE, became N to NE and then calm later in the evening.
• 14/12/19: Partly cloudy with cu clouds during the morning easing with limited cu clouds from the early afternoon. Some ci clouds later in the afternoon. Fine. Smoke haze. Temperature was a little variable from mid-morning to mid-afternoon. Dew point was near average while rising from early in the day before becoming stable from early afternoon. Near average relative humidity. In the early hours winds were mostly calm except for NW to SW winds, E to NE during the morning becoming E to SE with some S to SE winds. From the early afternoon winds were E to ESE in the early afternoon, E to NE from mid-afternoon and N to NE from the mid evening.
• 15/12/19: Partly cloudy with cu and sc clouds in the morning with ci clouds in the afternoon. Fine with smoke haze. A warm day with the maximum temperature reached in the late morning before falling in the afternoon, though was variable from early afternoon to mid-afternoon. Dew point was stable and near average early in the day, before rising during the morning and became moderately high during the middle of the day. From the afternoon the dew point fell and returned to near average. Relative humidity was near average. Mostly calm winds early in the day with E to NE winds with some N to NE winds at times, ESE to ENE later in the morning, E to ESE in the afternoon, E to NE from mid-afternoon and N to NE in the evening becoming calm in the late evening.
• 16/12/19: Fine. Partly cloudy with cu and sc clouds easing during the day and became mostly sunny. Smoke haze increased in the afternoon following a wind change. A very hot day with the maximum temperature of 42.8 C reached at 1pm. The temperature rose at 4 to 5 C per hour between 6am and 10am before rising to 40.0 C at 10:50 am and rose at a slower rate from 10am to the maximum in the early afternoon. With the wind change the temperature fell 2 C and then gradually during the remainder of the afternoon returning to near average in the evening. The dew point was near average and mostly stable before slowly falling during the morning before falling sharply from 9:50am and then soon afterwards fell at a slower rate at near 0 C for the rest of the morning. During the afternoon the dew point fell further to a low of -11 C. The dew point rose sharply in the early afternoon rising from -0.8 C at 1:17pm to 12.7 C at 1:19pm with the wind change. Following this the dew point was moderately low and fell slowly, rose slowly in the late afternoon and have been near average and stabilised in the evening. Near average relative humidity early in the day before falling quite quickly during the morning reaching 29% at 9:50am, then briefly at a quicker rate down to 10% 10 minutes late morning and then at a slower rate to a low of 3% in the afternoon. With the wind change the relative humidity rose quickly in the early afternoon (rising 12% in 2 minutes), before remaining low and stable following this before rising slowly from 4pm. In the evening relative humidity rose much slower whilst remaining moderately low. Calm winds early in the day, followed by light SE to SW winds with some SE to NE winds in the morning and became W to SW from 9:50 am with some S to SW winds. In the middle of the day was NW to SW winds before a light to moderate E to SE wind change from 1:12pm with some E to ENE winds. Winds tended S to SE in the evening.
• 17/12/19: Fine and partly cloudy with cu and sc clouds with some ci clouds in the afternoon. Smoke haze. The temperature was a little variable from the late morning to mid-afternoon. Near average and stable dew point from early in the day and moderately low in the mid-morning and late afternoon before rising slightly in the evening. Near average relative humidity after moderately low relative humidity early in the day. In the early hours of the day was light S to SW winds and was calm at times becoming SSE to SW in the early morning, SSE to ESE from mid-morning, E to SE in the afternoon and ESE to SE from mid-afternoon. In the evening winds veered with SSE to ESE winds in the early evening and S to SW in the late evening.
• 18/12/19: Fine and partly cloudy with cu and sc clouds and mostly sunny from early afternoon. Variable temperature from mid to late morning. The dew point fell gradually in the early hours and became moderately low, then rose in the early morning close to average before falling again later in the morning and became moderately low in the middle of the day. The dew point returned to near average during the afternoon and continued to rise through to the evening before falling slightly later in the evening. Relative humidity was moderately low early in the day and near average from the early morning. Light S to SW winds in the early hours and with calm winds at times, SSW to SE during the early morning becoming E to SE later in the morning, E to ESE with some SE winds from the afternoon, E to SE winds in the evening and became calm later in the evening.
• 19/12/19: Fine and mostly sunny with some cu clouds from later in the morning. The temperature was a little variable from mid-morning to mid-afternoon. Dew point was near average and generally stable while rising and falling a few times over the day. Near average relative humidity. Calm winds early in the day with S to SW winds in the early morning becoming E to SE winds from the mid-morning with some E to ENE winds later in the morning. Winds were ENE to ESE from 2pm, E to NE from mid-afternoon, shifting N to NE in the evening and N to NW in the late evening.
• 20/12/19: Fine and mostly sunny with some cu and sc. Smoke haze. Near average dew point rose during the early morning before becoming generally stable and near average for the rest of the day while rising and falling several times. Near average relative humidity. Calm winds early in the day became N to ENE from the early morning, shifting SSE to ESE from the mid-morning, ESE to ENE from late morning, NNE to ENE in the evening and calm in the late evening.
• 21/12/19: Mostly sunny with some cu clouds in the afternoon. Smoke haze. A warm morning with the temperature a little variable from mid-morning to mid-afternoon. Dew point was stable and near average early in the day before rising during the morning. From the mid-morning the dew point became stable while remaining near average. Relative humidity was near average. Calm winds early in the day before some variable winds in the early morning becoming S to SE and then ENE to SE through to the mid-morning. Light E to NE winds from the mid-morning with some E to SE winds, E to SE later in the morning, E to NE from early afternoon, ENE to NE in the evening becoming N to NE in the late evening.
• 22/12/19: Mostly sunny with some cu and sc clouds with increasing clouds later in the afternoon. Smoke haze. Dew point fell slowly early in the day before rising in the early morning and at a slower rate from the early morning to mid-afternoon close to average. For the rest of the day the dew point was generally stable and near average. Relative humidity was near average. Calm winds early in the day before ENE to SE from the early morning with variable and S to SE winds, ESE to ENE from the late morning and E to SE in the evening.
• 23/12/19: Cloudy with cu and sc clouds from the morning clearing to partly cloudy in the afternoon. Smoke haze. A warm morning. The temperature was variable in the afternoon with the clearing cloud. Dew point was near average while generally slowly rising over the entire day. Stable and moderately low relative humidity in the early hours and near average from the morning. Light S to SE winds, followed by SSW to SSE in the early hours becoming S to SSE with some S to SSE in the morning. From the mid-morning winds were S to WSW, then S to ESE and ESE to ENE from the late morning with some ESE to ENE winds, becoming N to ENE in the evening.
• 24/12/19: Cloudy with cu and sc clouds easing during the afternoon to partly cloudy before increasing clouds of ci and cs with cu from distant storms later in the afternoon. A warm morning. A brief severe thunderstorm at 7:45pm with a brief period of very heavy rainfall and fierce electrical activity, followed by thunder from nearby thunderstorms with light rain through during the rest of the evening. The temperature was variable from mid-morning to mid-afternoon. The temperature fell 3 C in 15 minutes with the thunderstorm for the rest of the day before stabilising for the rest of the evening. Dew point was generally stable and close to average before rising to moderately high with the thunderstorm before stabilising in the rest of the evening following the thunderstorm. Relative humidity was moderately low early in the day and near average during the day. Before, with and following the thunderstorm the relative humidity rose from 62 % to 89% 1 hour after the storm and remained high for the rest of the evening. Light N to NE winds early in the day, N to ENE winds in the early morning, NNE to E later in the morning, NNE to E in the afternoon and ENE to NE from the mid-afternoon. Before the storm winds became S to SE and with and during the thunderstorm winds were variable before NNW to NE winds following the thunderstorm.
• 25/12/19: Cloudy with cu and sc clouds becoming partly cloudy during the afternoon. A brief shower from 10:38am, followed by a few showers with moderate falls from 11:20am with lighter showers from just before midday through to 2pm. Some light showers in the late evening. The temperature was stable in the early hours of the day. The temperature became stable in the mid-morning before rising quickly for a brief period at 11:20 AM with increasing showers. In the afternoon the temperature rose slowly before rising more quickly during the mid-afternoon to almost reach the maximum temperature during the morning. Dew point was stable and near average from the early hours before rising during the morning and became moderately high from the mid-morning. In the late morning the dew point fell briefly before rising until the mid-afternoon whilst remaining moderately high, then fell later in the afternoon to near average and became stable and near average in the evening. Relative humidity was high over the entire day with rather sluggish movement at around 90% from early in the day until mid-morning before falling a little from the mid-morning and rising again with the showers. Following the clearing of the showers the relative humidity fell during the afternoon to a low of 74% before rising to 89% in the evening. Mostly calm winds early in the day before SSW to WSW from the early morning, with SW to SE winds from mid-morning, light S to SE winds in the afternoon becoming ESE to SE from 2:15pm and S to SE in the evening.
• 26/12/19: A warm morning with the temperature stable in the early hours and variable from the mid-morning to the mid-afternoon with changeable cloud coverage. Some light showers in the early hours of the day. Cloudy periods of cu and sc clouds in the morning and partly cloudy from late morning. The dew point fell slowly and was near average early in the day before rising during the morning and became moderately high at times. Later in the morning the dew point fell very quickly for a brief period back to average then continued to fall in the afternoon at a slower rate close to average and then rose from the late afternoon before becoming stable in the evening close to average. Relative humidity was high and stable early in the day before falling during the morning and quite quickly in the late morning after a temporary small rise in the late morning associated with nearby showers. Relative humidity was near average in the afternoon and evening. Light SW to SE winds from early, S to SE during the morning, SSE to ESE from the late morning and S to ESE in the late evening.
• 27/12/19: Some light showers in the early hours, late morning and early afternoon. Partly cloudy with cu and sc clouds and cloudy at times later in the morning and in the early afternoon. Dew point was mostly stable and near average from early in the day becoming a little variable during the morning. In the afternoon the dew point fell while remaining near average before rising in the mid afternoon before becoming stable from the late afternoon. Relative humidity was near average though was high in the late morning with the showers and variable from late morning to early afternoon. Light S to ESE winds in the early hours before calm winds that were followed by light S to SW winds in the early morning. Light SSE to E winds later in the morning, SSE to SE winds in the late morning, E to SE in the afternoon, ESE to SE from mid-afternoon, SSE to ESE in the evening and became calm later in the evening.
• 28/12/19: Fine. Partly cloudy with cu and sc clouds. The minimum temperature was reached at 2am before generally rising for the rest of the early hours of the day. The temperature was variable from the mid-morning to late afternoon. The dew point slowly rose in the early hours of the day before falling during the morning becoming briefly moderately low in the late morning. In the afternoon the dew point rose and returned to near average while rising becoming stable in the evening. Relative humidity was near average and was a little variable from the late morning to mid-afternoon. Calm winds in the early hours of the day, S to SW in the early morning, S to SE winds during the morning, E to SE from the late morning, ESE to SE in the evening and SE to SSE in the late evening.
• 29/12/19: Partly cloudy of cu and sc clouds with ci clouds developing in the afternoon. The temperature was slightly variable from mid-morning to mid-afternoon. Dew point was near average and slowly fell from early in the day, became stable from the late morning, rose during the afternoon and became stable close to average from the late afternoon. Relative humidity was moderately low early in the day and near average during the rest of the day. Light SSW to SSE winds became calm in the early hours before S to SW winds followed by E to SE during the early morning, became NE to ESE from the mid-morning and NNE to E in the late morning. In the early afternoon was ESE to SE winds, ESE to ENE from mid-afternoon before calm winds developed later in the evening except for some brief S to SW winds.
• 30/12/19: Partly cloudy with cu and sc clouds. Fine until a brief light to moderate shower in the late evening. The temperature was variable from the late morning to the early afternoon. The temperature was stable for 2 hours in the evening preceding the shower before falling with and after the shower at the end of the day. Dew point was near average over the entire day and was stable early in the day before rising gradually in the morning and then fell briefly in the late morning. In the afternoon the dew point rose while remaining near average before stabilising in the evening before rising a little further in the late evening. Relative humidity was moderately low early in the day and near average from the morning. In the evening the relative humidity stabilised before rising with and following the shower. Calm winds early in the day, WSW to SSW winds from early morning followed by SSW to SSE winds before veering during the morning and became ENE to SE from the mid-morning. Winds were ESE to ENE from the late morning with some SE winds in the late morning.
• 31/12/19: Light showers in the early hours and during the early morning to mid-morning. Cloudy early in the day and partly cloudy from the mid-morning with cu and sc clouds. A warm morning. The temperature was variable from mid-morning to mid-afternoon. The dew point slowly rose in the early hours, became stable during the morning and fell in the late morning. From the afternoon the dew point was mostly stable and was near average during most of the day. Relative humidity was near average and a little variable during the morning. Some light SW winds in the early hours with calm winds also before ESE to ENE winds developing during the morning, followed by variable winds that became E to SE from the mid-morning. In the afternoon winds became ENE to ESE, E to ENE from mid-afternoon, E to NE in the late afternoon and N to NE in the evening.

 

Station records for December 2019

NOTE: This is a summary of the aforementioned monthly records exceeded over a monthly basis. Additionally, it lists records that are the lowest or highest in at least 5 years. See end notes for more information about record periods.

 

 

Key records for December 2019

NOTE: These records are drawn from automatic data record for this site. See end notes for more information.

 

 

 

Data summary tables for December 2019