Monthly Meteorological Report for Ferny Grove, Brisbane in October 2019 – near average rain, cool nights and warm days

In October overnight temperature at Ferny Grove were cooler than normal with several cool nights. Daytime temperatures were however above average. The official sites saw minimum temperatures that were close to average at most locations. Daytime temperatures were much warmer than average at the inland sites and close to average or cooler than average at the more coastal locations. Rainfall was near average during the month at Ferny Grove. Across the Brisbane area the inland sites measured below average rainfall totals and the coastal sites measured close or above average rainfall totals. At Ferny Grove air pressure was above average, mean relative humidity, mean minimum relative humidity, and mean maximum relative humidity was below average, below average mean and mean minimum dew point, near average mean maximum dew point, above average wind speed, with 8 thunderstorms (6 thunder days).

 

Temperature – below average night time and above average day-time temperatures

Monthly Mean Minimum Temperature: 14.6 ºC, 0.8 ºC below average and 0.8 ºC lower than same month in 2018. This is the fifth highest on record for October and the lowest since 12.3 ºC in 2016. During October most official sites in the Brisbane area observed close to average mean minimum temperatures. Amberley however was 0.6 ºC below average with a mean minimum temperature of 12.7 ºC and the lowest mean minimum temperature of all the sites was 12.4 ºC at Gatton (0.8 ºC below average). Except for these two sites the mean minimum temperatures were between 0.4 ºC below average at Beerburrum (14.2 ºC) and 0.4 ºC above average at Logan City Treatment Plant (15.4 ºC). The highest mean minimum temperature was 18.2 ºC at Cape Moreton Lighthouse (0.3 ºC above average). Brisbane observed a mean minimum temperature of 16.5 ºC (0.1 ºC above average).

 

Monthly Mean Maximum Temperature: 27.9 ºC, 0.6 ºC above average and 1.3 ºC higher than same month in 2018. This is the fifth lowest on record for October and the highest since 28.2 ºC in 2016. The year to date maximum temperature is 1 ºC above average. Across the Brisbane area official sites saw mean maximum temperatures that were close to or below average for the coastal sites and above to well above average at many inland sites. The lowest anomaly from the long term average was observed by Beerburrum (26.8 ºC), Brisbane Aero (24.7 ºC) and Redcliffe (24.8 ºC) at 0.7 ºC below average and the lowest mean maximum temperature was 23.7 ºC at Cape Moreton Lighthouse. Brisbane observed a mean maximum temperature of 26.8 ºC that was close to average (0.2 ºC below average). Logan City Treatment Plant (0.3 ºC below average and Point Lookout (0.2 ºC below average) was also close to average. Cape Moreton Lighthouse was slightly above average at 0.6 ºC above average with a mean maximum temperature of 23.7 ºC. The highest anomalies was measured by Amberley (1.9 ºC above average ) with a mean maximum of 29.7 ºC, Gatton (2.5 ºC above average and 30.7 ºC) and Archerfield (0.8 ºC above average and 27.8 ºC).

 

Mean Monthly Temperature: 21.2 ºC, 0.1 ºC below average and 0.2 ºC higher than same month in 2018. This is the sixth highest and lowest on record for October and the highest since 22.2 ºC in 2017.

 

Lowest Temperature: 9.2 ºC on 3 October 2019 at 5:33 AM. Same month in 2018 was 9.1 ºC. This is the fifth highest monthly minimum temperature for October on record, the highest since 10.9 ºC in 2017 on 22 October at 5:25 AM, the eleventh lowest daily October minimum temperature and the lowest since 9.1 ºC on 1 October 2017 at 6:06 AM. Official stations in the Brisbane area observed the lowest temperature of the month on the 3rd and 13th and at Gatton on the 20th. The lowest was 6.2 ºC at Gatton on the 20th and the highest was 12.8 ºC at Point Lookout on the 13th. The lowest temperature at Brisbane was 12.3 ºC on the 3rd. Between the 3rd and 5th were cool nights and also from the 10th to 14th. There were some cool nights later in the month to a lesser extent.

 

Highest Temperature: 34.7 ºC at 11:49 AM on 8 October 2019. Same month in 2018 was 34.6 ºC. This is the fifth highest monthly maximum temperature for October on record, the sixth highest daily maximum temperature for October, and the highest since 35.1 ºC in 2014 on 27 October at 3:05 PM. The official sites measured the highest temperature for the month on the 7th and 8th at most sites, and some sites in the 17th and 31st. The lowest was 26.2 ºC at Cape Moreton Lighthouse on the 31st and the highest was 41.3 ºC at Gatton on the 8th. Brisbane observed its highest temperature of 30.8 ºC on the 7th. Above average maximum temperatures occurred between the 5th and 8th. This was from warm north-westerly winds ahead of a surface trough. Further above average temperatures occurred during the second half of the month with high temperatures on the 17th when Gatton measured 38.1 ºC.

 

Lowest Maximum Temperature: 21.3 ºC at 2:52 PM on 12 October 2019. This is the sixth highest and lowest monthly lowest maximum temperature for October on record, the highest since 22.4 ºC in 2016 on 23 October at 3:28 PM, the equal thirteenth lowest maximum temperature for October and equal lowest since 20.6 ºC on 15 October 2018 at 1:37 PM. This month in 2018 was 18.6 ºC. All of the official stations in the Brisbane area measured the coolest day on the 12th. These ranged between 19.4ºC at Cape Moreton Lighthouse and Logan City Treatment Plant and 21.3 ºC at Brisbane and Gatton. In the Brisbane area the official sites observed cool days during some of the month and was mostly in the first half of the month.

 

Highest Minimum Temperature: 19.6 ºC on 8 October 2019 at 12:56 AM. This is the sixth highest and lowest monthly October highest minimum temperature on record, the highest since 21.9 ºC in 2017 on 11 October at 12:20 AM, the tenth highest daily minimum temperature for October and the highest since 19.7 ºC on 30 October 2017 at 1:55 AM. This month in 2018 was 18.7 ºC. Many of the official stations in the Brisbane area measured the warmest night on the 8th and at some sites on the 16th, 17th, 28th and 29th. These ranged between 18.6 ºC at Beerburrum on the 8th and 20.8 ºC at Redcliffe on the 29th. In the Brisbane area warm nights were observed over several periods throughout the month.

 

Monthly Mean Minimum Grass Temperature: 13 ºC (1.5 ºC lower than same month in 2018).

 

Lowest Minimum Grass Temperature: 7.8 ºC on 3 October 2019 (1.1 ºC lower than same month in 2018). This coincided with the lowest minimum temperature of 9.2 ºC for the month.

 

Highest Minimum Grass Temperature: 18.3 ºC on 8 October 2019 (0.4 ºC higher than same month in 2018). This coincided with the highest minimum temperature of 19.6 ºC for the month.

 

Highest Minimum Grass Temperature Depression: 0.3 ºC on 12 October 2019 with a minimum grass temperature of 11.5 ºC and an air temperature of 11.8 ºC.

 

Lowest Minimum Grass Temperature Depression: 3.1 ºC on 10 October 2019 with a minimum grass temperature of 10.1 ºC and an air temperature of 13.2 ºC.

 

Minimum temperatures saw several periods of cool nights especially in the first half of the month with several warm periods throughout the month. The month started warm at 3 ºC above average on the 1st and 1 ºC below average on the 3nd. A cool period followed between the 3rd and 5th being 4 to 6 ºC below average and 1 ºC below average on the 6th and 7th. The 8th and 9th was 2 ºC and 4 ºC above average respectively before another cool period followed on the 10th to 14th. During this period temperatures were 4 to 5 ºC below average on the 12th and 13th and 2 to 3 ºC below average on the 10th, 11th and 14th. The 15th to 19th warmed to 1 ºC to 2 ºC above average, easing to 1 ºC below average on the 20th and 1 ºC above average on the 21st. A cool period followed where the 22nd and 23rd was 1 ºC to 2 ºC below average, the 24th and 25th was 3 ºC below average and the 26th was 1 ºC below average. The 27th was equal to the average before warming to 3 ºC to 4 ºC above average on the 28th and 29th and then 1 ºC to 2 ºC below average on the 30th and 31st.

 

Maximum temperatures in October were generally above average with some cool periods throughout the month. The month started with the first 2 days being 2 to 3 ºC below average, close to average on the 3rd and followed by a warm period between the 4th and 8th. The 4th was 1 ºC above average, increasing to 5 ºC above average on the 5th, easing to 1 ºC above average on the 6th and then 7 ºC above average on the 7th and 8th when the highest temperature of the month occurred. Cooler temperature followed with the 9th and 10th 2 ºC below average, 4 ºC below average on the 11th, 6 ºC below average on the 12th and within 1 ºC of the long term average on the 13th to 15th. Another warm period followed where the 16th was 4 ºC above average, 6 ºC above average on the 17th and eased to 1 ºC above average on the 18th. It cooled again to 1 ºC below average on the 19th, 2 ºC above average on the 20th and within 1 ºC of the long term average from the 21st to 25th. It then warmed to 2 ºC to 3 ºC above average on the 26th and to 29th, easing to 3 ºC below average on the 30th and 1 ºC above average on the 31st.

 

Heatwave Conditions (Maximum temperatures): Nil

 

MSL pressure – above average air pressure

Monthly Mean Minimum MSL Pressure: 1015.8 hPa (1 hPa lower than same month in 2018). This is the third highest on record for October and the highest since the current record high of 1020.7 hPa in 2015.

 

Monthly Mean Maximum MSL Pressure: 1021.2 hPa (1.5 hPa higher than same month in 2018). This is the second highest on record for October and the highest since the current record high of 1025.5 hPa in 2015.

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Monthly Mean MSL Pressure: 1018.5 hPa (1.8 hPa above average, 1.2 hPa higher than same month in 2018). This is the second highest on record for October and the highest since the current record high of 1023.1 hPa in 2015.

Lowest MSL Pressure: 1006.5 hPa on 8 October 2019 at 3:29 PM. The same month in 2018 saw 1007.9 hPa. This is the fifth highest monthly minimum air pressure for October, the lowest since 1003.7 hPa in 2017 on 27 October at 2:10 AM, the sixteenth lowest daily minimum air pressure for October and the lowest since the current record low of 1005.3 hPa in 2017 on 31 October at 1:30 AM.

 

Highest MSL Pressure: 1030 hPa on 2 October 2019 at 8:52 AM. The same month in 2018 saw 1027.9 hPa. This is the third highest October monthly maximum air pressure, the highest since 1033.2 hPa in 2015 on 3 October at 7:49 AM, the sixth highest daily maximum air pressure for October and the highest since 1031.8 hPa on 9 October 2015 at 8:55 AM.

Note: Air pressure measurements are being closely monitored to maintain its accuracy. Over the month of October, a difference of 0.03 hPa higher compared to the official BoM Brisbane site – No. 040913 was observed which is deemed acceptable.

 

Relative Humidity – below average mean humidity, mean minimum humidity, and mean maximum humidity

Monthly Mean Minimum Humidity: 34.6 % (19.4 % lower than same month in 2018 and 4.3 % below average). This is the second lowest on record for October and the lowest since the current record low of 32% in 2009.

 

Monthly Mean Maximum Humidity: 82.7 % (13.6 % lower than same month in 2018 and 2.7 % below average). This is second lowest on record for October and the lowest since the current record low of 77.2 % in 2009.

 

Monthly Mean Humidity: 58.7 % (16.5 % lower than same month in 2018 and 3.5 % below average). This is the second lowest on record for October and the lowest since the current record low of 54.4% in 2009.

 

Lowest Humidity: 13 % on 8 October 2019 at 9:01 PM (14 % lower than this month in 2018). This is the lowest monthly and daily minimum humidity for October on record exceeding the old record of 19 % on 3 October 2009.

 

Highest Humidity: 93 % on 20 October 2019 at 6:59 AM (6 % lower than this month in 2018). This is the lowest monthly October maximum humidity on record exceeding the previous record low of 94 % in 2016 on 3 October at 5:33 PM.

 

Dew point – below average mean and minimum dew point and near average mean maximum dew point

Monthly mean minimum dew point: 8.6 ºC (0.7 ºC below average). This is the lowest monthly mean minimum dew point for October on record exceeding the old record of 9.9 ºC in 2016.

 

Monthly mean maximum dew point: 15.1 ºC (0.3ºC below average). This is the second lowest monthly mean maximum dewpoint for October and the lowest since 10.4 ºC in 2009.

Monthly mean dew point: 11.8 ºC (0.5 ºC below average). This is the second lowest monthly mean dew point for October on record and the lowest since 10.5 ºC in 2009.

 

Lowest dew point: -1.3 ºC on 8 October 2019 at 9:01 PM. This is the lowest monthly and daily dew point for October on record, exceeding the previous record of -1.2 ºC on 15 October 2014 at 3:15 AM.

 

Highest dew point: 21.2 ºC on 8 October 2019 at 9:16 AM. This is the sixth highest and lowest monthly maximum dew point on record for October, the lowest since 20.5 ºC in 2016 on 31 October at 5:45 PM, the equal fifteenth highest daily dew point for October and the highest since 21.3 ºC on 10 October 2018 at 3:40 PM.

 

Wind Speed – above average wind speed

Maximum Wind Gust: 46 km/hr on 17 October 2019 at 4:41 PM. This is the second lowest October maximum wind gust and the lowest since 42.7 km/hr in 2011 on the 2 October at 2:21 PM. The maximum wind gust this month in 2018 was 49 km/hr. This is the sixteenth highest daily wind gust on record for October and the highest since 49 km/hr on 4 October 2018 at 4:16 PM.

 

Maximum Wind Speed: 23 km/hr on 17 October 2019 at 3:07 PM (Moderate Force Wind). This is the lowest monthly maximum wind speed for October on record, exceeding the previous record low of 25 km/hr in 2018 on 4 October at 4:26 PM, the forty-fourth highest daily wind speed on record for October and the highest since the aforementioned 25 km/hr in October 2018.

Wind Run: 3830.4 km (2131.1 km higher than same month in 2018), 487.1 km above average and 14.6 % above average. This is the highest on record for October total wind run exceeding the previous record of 1699.3 km in 2018.

 

Monthly Mean Wind Speed: 5.2 km/hr (2.9 km higher than this month in 2018), 1.4 km/hr above average and 36.8 % above average. This is the highest on record for October exceeding the previous record high of 2.9 km/hr in 2013.

 

Daily Mean Maximum Wind Gust: 28.8 km/hr (3.5 km/hr lower than this month in 2018), 4.1 km/hr above average and 16.5 % above average. This is the fourth lowest daily mean maximum wind speed on record for October and the highest since 34.2 km/hr in 2017.

 

Daily Mean Maximum Wind Speed: 14.4 km/hr, 2.8 km/hr lower than this month last year, 3.8 km/hr above average and 35.8 % above average. This is the second lowest daily mean maximum wind speed on record for October and the lowest since the current record low of 9.7 km/hr in 2018.

 

Dominant Direction: NE (E this month last year).

 

Rainfall – near average rainfall

Monthly Rainfall Total: 48.5 mm (16.4 mm below average) and 75.2% of the long term average. This total is in decile 6/ 59th percentile which ranks as average and 7 mm above the long term median (108 % of long term median). This total is lower than this month last year which was 263.7 mm, the fourteenth highest on record for October and the lowest since 17.7 mm in 2016. Year to date rainfall is 59% of the long term average. The official sites in the Brisbane area have generally seen year-to-date totals that are about 40% of the long term average at the inland sites and 60% for the closer to the coast. Several long period rainfall totals have continued to see well below average rainfall totals at Ferny Grove. April to October rainfall is 174.4 mm (149.1 mm below average), which is in the lowest 10 % of the records and the lowest since 169.4 mm in 2014. 12 monthly rainfall is 564 mm (477 mm below average and in the lowest 10% of records) and is the lowest since 278.5 mm in 2014.

 

In October the main official sites in the Brisbane area measured below average rainfall totals at the inland sites and average to above average rainfall totals at the coastal and northern sites. The lowest rainfall total was 21.6 mm at Gatton (33% of the average and ranked as low) and Archerfield also ranked as low with a total that was 35% of the long term average (27 mm). Beaudesert measured a total of 24.8 mm (34% of the long term average ranking as average). The sites measuring the higher totals were Beerburrum (129.6 mm) which ranked as high was 143% of the long term average, Redcliffe (110.6 mm) which ranked as high and was 126% of the long term average, Brisbane Aero (85 mm) which ranked as average was 114% of the long term average and Cape Moreton Lighthouse (85 mm) ranked as average was 114% of the long term average. The remaining coastal sites saw totals that were between 67% and 98% of the long term average with totals ranging between 45.8 mm at Logan City Treatment Plant (67% of the long term average). Brisbane observed a total of 55 mm (71 % of the long term average) which ranked as average. The highest total of all the official sites was 154 mm at Landsborough and the lowest total was 21.6 mm at Gatton.

 

During the start of the month over northern parts of Greater Brisbane was moderate falls from isolated thunderstorms. Between the 11th and 13th and the 15th and 19th were thunderstorms. For the rest of the month was very little rainfall.

 

Number of Rain Days (0.1 mm or greater): 8 days, 12 less than this month in 2018 and 0.4 days below average. This is the equal eighth highest on record for October and is the lowest since 5 days in 2016.

 

Highest Daily Total: 26.7 mm on 12 October 2019. This is the thirteenth lowest October daily rainfall on record on monthly basis, the lowest since 9 mm in 2016 which occurred on the 18 October, the twentieth highest October daily rainfall on record on daily basis and the highest since 31.4 mm on 22 October 2018. The highest daily total in the Brisbane area of all official sites was 94 mm at Clontarf on the 1 October 2019.

 

Monthly Rainfall Total – (automatic gauge) 24 hours to 9am: 44.2 mm (4.3 mm less than the site official standard gauge and within 8.9 %). Highest daily total of automatic gauge, (24 hours to 9am): 24 mm on 12 October 2019, (24 hours from midnight): 15.2 mm on 11 October 2019.

 

Note: This automatic gauge for the month of October, meet the expected accuracy (of +/- 10% of the standard gauge) at -8.9%.

 

On the 1st were light brief showers in the late morning and early afternoon, followed by a light shower in the late evening with 0.5 mm on the 2nd. On the 11th was a midday mild brief thunderstorm and a mild mid-afternoon thunderstorm. In the mid-evening was a mild thunderstorm with brief heavy falls and thundery showers in late evening with heavy falls. 26.7 mm was measured on the 12th after light showers and rain at times from 4am, brief heavy falls at 7am, and eased at 9am. Rainfall returned later in the morning and cleared at midday with 1.2 mm measured on the 13th. Light showers and a mild thunderstorm in the early hours of the 15th with light to moderate falls clearing in the early morning. 4.2 mm was measured on the 15th. On the 17th was a moderate and gusty brief thunderstorm at 4:40 pm with some heavy falls and 6 mm measured on the 18th. In the evening of the 19th was fog after light showers in the mid-morning, followed by a moderate thunderstorm with some heavy rain at 11:40 am and a light early afternoon shower. In the late afternoon was a decaying thunderstorm and light shower. Very thick fog cleared early on the 20th with 8.6 mm of which 0.4 mm was produced by the fog. A brief mid-evening shower on the 20th (1 mm measured on the 21st).

 

There was 1 days with falls of at least 25 mm (2 less than same month in 2018) with 3 days of less than 1 mm (1 greater than same month in 2018).

 

Highest rainfall rate was 140.4 mm/hr on the 19 October 2019 at 11:49 AM. This is the second highest monthly rainfall rate for October, the lowest since 68.4 mm/hr in 2017 on 23 October at 4:30 AM, the equal second highest daily rainfall rate for October and the equal highest since 140.4 mm/hr on 13 October 2018 at 12:00 AM.

 

The highest hourly rainfall total was 7.2 mm on the 11 October 2019 at 9:12 PM. This is the third lowest monthly hourly rain for October maximum hourly rainfall, the lowest since 1.6 mm in 2014 on 14 October at 3:10 AM, the fourteenth highest daily hourly rainfall total and the highest since 28.6 mm on 21 October 2018 at 3:14 PM.

 

Number of severe thunderstorms: 0

 

Number of thunderstorms: 8 (Mild: 4, Moderate: 4)

 

Number of thunder days: 6 days

 

Number of nearby storms: 2

 

Severe thunderstorms of note in the Brisbane area: Nil

 

Remarks for month:

• Cloudy at times, a warm morning and a cool day on the 1st. Very variable temperature during the middle of the day
• A warm morning and a cool day on the 2nd
• The 3rd was a sunny day after a cold morning.
• A cool morning on the 4th
• A sunny morning on the 5th and a warm day before a E to SE wind change in the middle of the day with a brief increase in humidity
• On the 7th was early fog with visibility down to 800 metres at 6:30 am before clearing. Cloudy at times in the afternoon and a hot day. Variable daytime temperature. Maximum temperature reached at midday before afternoon sea breezes
• The 8th saw a very warm morning with very stable temperature. The maximum temperature was reached just before midday. Associated with gusty WNW to WSW winds the temperature rose from 25.8 C at 7:14pm to 29.9 C at 7:30pm and to 31 C at 8pm before falling for the rest of the evening. With this wind shift the dew point fell very low from 17.7 C at 7:12pm to 5.7 C at 7:15pm. An easterly wind change at 11:54pm caused the dew point to rise from 1.6 C at 11:54pm back to near average at 11 C at 11:55pm and 14.4 C at 11:59pm. The relative humidity also fell in the early evening and then rose later in the evening.
• Smoke haze on the 9th and a warm morning
• Smoke haze on the 10th with fluctuating temperature from mid-morning to mid-afternoon
• The 11th saw a cool morning and very variable temperature later in the morning and in the afternoon and fell with day-time thunderstorms.
• A cloudy morning on the 12th with showers and rain clearing in the afternoon. The temperature was sluggish early before falling after sunrise. The minimum temperature of 11.8 C was reached at 8:41 am. A cool day also. The evening was cool with the temperature falling below the morning minimum.
• A sunny and cool morning on the 13th. The temperature was variable during the day
• The 14th saw a cool morning and variable temperature in the morning and afternoon
• Cool early on the 15th and a cloudy morning with showers and a mild thunderstorm. Smoke haze.
• A warm morning and a warm day on the 16th with a cloudy morning
• On the 17th was smoke haze and increasing clouds in the afternoon with a brief thunderstorm. A warm morning and a hot day. Gusty NNW to W winds with the thunderstorm.
• A E to SE wind change in the morning of the 18th with a warm morning
• On the 19th increasing cloud brought some showers and thunderstorms. High relative humidity over the entire day. Very thick fog developing in the evening.
• The thick fog cleared early on the 20th. A light and gusty S to SE wind change from 8:15 am
• Sunny on the 24th with afternoon smoke haze.
• Sunny on the 25th to 27th
• A light S to SE wind change from 8:20 am on the 27th
• Smoke haze on the 28th with cloudy periods. Variable temperature in the morning and afternoon and a warm morning.
• On the 29th was a warm morning and variable temperature in the morning and afternoon.
• Cloudy early on the 30th and a cool day
• Variable temperature in the morning and afternoon on the 30th and 31st.
• 8 Days of Dew during the month: 6 days of light – (8th, 14th, 18th, 21st, 22nd and 24th) and 1 days of moderate – (16th) and 1 day of heavy – (20th)
• Smoke haze on some days caused by continued dangerous bushfire conditions across the region

Weather influences

• On the 1st a surface trough shifted northwards along the northern end of the southern Queensland coast reaching the central coast later in the day. A high pressure system that shifted east into the Tasman Sea extended a ridge along the east Queensland coast with some moist onshore flow to the south of the surface trough.
• A high pressure system shifted east across the Tasman Sea maintaining the ridge along the east Queensland coast on the 2nd and 3rd as a upper trough of little impact shifted off the coast
• The high pressure system weakened further on the 4th with the ridge contracting northwards with a weak pressure gradient as a result with settled weather over the region
• An upper level trough cleared off the east coast with no effect on the 5th. A surface trough and south-easterly wind change shifted northwards along the southern Queensland coast with a warm air ahead of the trough
• The 6th saw warm northerly flow and a upper level ridge extend a hot and dry air mass eastwards over southern and inland of the state reaching south-east late in the day
• On the 7th an upper level ridge and northerly wind flow over the interior of the state extended eastwards bringing a warm air mass. A cold front also shifted eastwards into south-western Queensland to extend dry and gusty winds and produce high temperatures
• A cold front and surface trough moved eastwards and northwards across the state reaching the east late in the day on the 8th. This dragged warm and dry air across from the west with elevated fire dangers.
• On the 9th the cold front cleared off the east Queensland coast in the morning, while a surface trough persist over the interior. A large high pressure system over the Great Australian Bight extended a ridge and cooler southerly wind flow over southern Queensland in the wake of the trough. Elevated fire dangers eased as a result.
• The 10th saw the large high pressure system extended a ridge and onshore flow along the east Queensland coast.
• A weakening high pressure system over the southern Ocean extended a weak ridge and onshore flow over the southern Queensland coast on the 11th. A broad amplifying upper level trough and increasing moisture combined with a surface trough shifting eastwards towards the east Queensland coast brought showers, thunderstorms and rain area across the region
• On the 12th the upper level trough shifted eastwards over south-eastern parts of the state and cleared off the coast during the day while the surface trough cleared off the coast later in the day. This brought further rainfall over the region. A high pressure system south of Tasmania then extended a ridge and onshore wind flow along the east Queensland coast
• A high pressure system in the Tasman Sea extended a weak ridge of high pressure along the east Queensland coast with a stable air mass as the trough shifts further offshore on the 13th
• A weak ridge of high pressure extended along the southern Queensland coast with stable conditions on the 14th and 15th
• On the 15th a weak surface trough shifted through the southeast early in the day with some showers and thunderstorms. A surface trough extended over the interior of the state and became slow moving in the south-east of the state, with some instability
• Stable conditions on the 16th however as a surface trough shifts eastwards across the interior of the state as a weak high pressure system in the northern Tasman Sea extends a weak ridge along the east Queensland coast. Warm northerly winds extended eastwards across to the east coast ahead of the surface trough
• On the 17th a weak high pressure system in the Tasman Sea extended a weak ridge along the east Queensland coast. A surface trough shifted eastwards into south-eastern parts of the state while extending into the interior. This produced unstable conditions with some rainfall across the region
• On the 18th the weak ridge persisted along the east Queensland coast. A weakening trough shifted northwards along the southern Queensland coast extending a south-easterly wind change northwards reaching the Fraser Island coast late in the day with dry conditions. Warm northerly flow also to the east of the surface trough.
• A weak high pressure system north of New Zealand extended a weak ridge along the east Queensland coast on the 19th. A weakening surface trough near Fraser Island extended further inland and brought instability and warm air to the east of the surface trough
• A south-easterly wind change shifted along the southern Queensland coast early on the 20th reaching the central coast later in the day. Following the wind change a dry and stable air mass extended across much of the state
• On the 21st a high pressure system extended a ridge along the east Queensland coast and onshore wind flow with little moisture
• The 22nd saw a high pressure system over south-eastern Australia extend a firm ridge and moderate to fresh onshore wind flow along the east Queensland coast
• On the 23rd and 24th a high pressure system in the western Tasman Sea extended a firm ridge and onshore flow with continued stable air along the east Queensland coast
• On the 25th the high pressure ridge contracted northwards as a surface trough shifted eastwards over the south with little instability. The trough also extended warm northerly air flow
• The surface trough shifted further eastwards across the state with modest instability due to a warm and dry air mass on the 26th
• On the 27th a coastal trough shifted northwards through the south-east of the state before stalling while extending into central Queensland. This brought some isolated instability
• A new high pressure system moved into the Tasman Sea on the 28th and extended a ridge and onshore wind flow along the east Queensland coast. A slow moving surface trough is slowing shifting northwards along the northern end of the south Queensland coast while decaying which brought rainfall to its north to the north of Brisbane.
• On the 29th to 31st a high pressure system in the Tasman Sea extended a ridge and onshore winds along the east Queensland coast with settled conditions.

Daily weather notes

• 1/10/19: Partly cloudy with cu clouds and cloudy at times. Light brief showers in the late morning and early afternoon. Light shower in the late evening. A warm morning and a cool day. Very variable temperature during the morning and afternoon. The temperature rose in the late evening with the light shower. Near average and slowly falling dew point from early though was a little variable in the morning and afternoon before starting to slowly rise in the late evening. Moderately low relative humidity early, near average during the day and variable in the morning and afternoon. Light SSW to SE winds from early becoming E to SE from early morning before backing in the evening to S to SE and in the late evening it was S to SW at times.
• 2/10/19: A warm morning and a cool day. The temperature was stable for several hours in the early hours and was variable during the morning and afternoon. Near average dew point was generally stable early before falling during the morning, rose slowly in the afternoon and early evening and fell later in the evening close to average. Moderately low relative humidity early and near average for the rest of the day. The relative humidity was a little variable during the morning and afternoon. Light WSW to SSW winds early becoming, SSW to SSE in the early morning, mostly ESE from mid-morning, ESE to ENE in the afternoon tending E to NE later in the afternoon and became calm in the evening.
• 3/10/19: Fine. Some cu clouds clearing in the early morning to a sunny day. A cold morning. Dew point was moderately low while falling early in the day before rising during the early morning to near average, before falling through the morning and afternoon and was moderately low. In the early afternoon the dew point rose to near average for the rest of the afternoon but was stable in the mid afternoon before slowly falling in the evening while remaining near average. Moderately low relative humidity. Light and variable winds at times in the early hours, W to SSE in the early morning and generally NW to NE winds with some SE to NE winds for the rest of the morning. E to NE winds in the afternoon, ENE to NE later in the afternoon, and NNE to NNW in the evening before becoming calm later in the evening.
• 4/10/19: A cool morning. Moderately low and falling dew point early before rising in the early morning to near average and then fell slowly during the morning. In the afternoon the dew point rose before falling slowly from late afternoon while remaining near average. Moderately low dew point over entire day. Calm early, light and variable winds in the early morning, N to ENE winds in the morning with some E to SE winds, E to NE in the afternoon and N to ESE in the evening.
• 5/10/19: A sunny morning and partly cloudy in afternoon. Ci clouds during the morning and cu clouds developing from middle of the day. A warm day with the maximum temperature reached with a wind change. A brief and temporary fall in temperature at 10:30 am. Near average dew point early falling slowly, before remaining near average and rose during the early morning and fell slowly from the mid-morning. Later in the morning the dew point fell and became moderately low, before sharply rising at 12:30 pm with the wind change and temporarily rose to near average with some S winds in the late morning. After the wind change the dew point was near average with the dew point rising slowly in the afternoon, slowly falling later in the afternoon and stable in the evening. Moderately low relative humidity and rose quickly following the wind change with a temporary rise in the late morning. Light SSE to ENE winds developing from mid-morning, S to SE in the late morning, E to SE wind change from 12:30 pm and E to NE in the evening before becoming calm.
• 6/10/19: Near average dew point fell slowly in the early hours before slowly rising through to late afternoon, became stable and fell slowly in the late evening. The temperature was a little variable in the morning and afternoon. Relative humidity was moderately low early in the day and near average for the rest of the day. Relative humidity was a little variable in the morning and afternoon. Light and variable winds at times early before some WSW to SW winds in the early morning and then ESE to NNE winds during the morning. Winds were light E to NE from late morning, ENE to NE in late afternoon, N to NE in the evening and became calm in the late evening.
• 7/10/19: Early fog with visibility down to 800 metres at 6:30am before clearing. Partly cloudy with cu and sc clouds and cloudy at times in the afternoon. A hot day. The temperature was variable in the morning and afternoon. The maximum temperature was reached at midday followed by the sea breeze in the afternoon. The dew point fell early in the day close to average rising during the morning, briefly falling in the mid-morning and falling slowly for the rest of the morning. While the dew point remained near average the dew point rose during the afternoon stabilising from the late afternoon and fell slowly in the late evening. Near average relative humidity though was a little variable in the first half of the afternoon. Light N to NE winds in the early morning, SE to ENE from mid-morning with some SSE to ESE winds, before ESE to NE winds in the afternoon, E to NE from mid-afternoon, SE to NE in the mid-evening and became calm.
• 8/10/19: A very warm morning with the temperature stable early in the day except for small rise in the temperature. The temperature rose during the morning with the maximum temperature reached just before midday. In the afternoon the temperature fluctuated while generally falling. The temperature rose between 3pm and 4pm before falling from 4pm. Associated with a shift in the wind the temperature rose from 25.8 ºC at 7:14pm to 29.9 ºC at 7:30pm and to 31 ºC at 8pm before falling for the rest of the evening. The temperature fell quicker with a wind change in the late evening. Dew point rose from early and became moderately high during the early morning, before briefly falling near average in the mid-morning. The dew point rose during the morning and afternoon becoming moderately high before falling from mid-afternoon returning to near average. With the shift in wind the dew point fell very low from 17.7 ºC at 7:12pm to 5.7 ºC at 7:15pm, before falling slowly and stabilising. In the late evening with a wind change the dew point rose from 1.6 ºC at 11:54pm back to near average at 11 ºC at 11:55pm and 14.4 ºC at 11:59pm. Relative humidity was near average though was a little variable during the afternoon. The relatively humidity fell quickly with a wind shift falling from 61% at 7:12pm to 27% at 7:15 pm before stabilising at 14% from 8pm. The relative humidity rose slowly later in the evening before quickly rising in the late evening from 21% at 11:54pm to 40% at 11:55pm and to 51% at 11:59pm. Light WSW to SSW winds between 3 am and 4am before ESE to NE winds from the early morning, E to NNE from the late morning, SSE to ENE in the late afternoon, shifting to gusty WNW to WSW from 7:12pm becoming WNW to SSW in the late evening followed by a E wind change at 11:54pm.
• 9/10/19: Smoke haze. Partly cloudy with cu and sc. A warm morning. The temperature was a little variable during the morning and afternoon. Dew point was near average from early, rose slightly in the late morning while generally falling becoming moderately low in the mid afternoon before rising slightly to near average and then stabilising in the late afternoon. After the dew point fell slightly in the early evening to moderately low the dew point returned to near average and was stable for the rest of the day. Variable but near average day-time relative humidity. Light ENE to SE winds becoming SSW to SE in the early hours, S to ESE during the morning SE to ENE from late morning, SSE to ESE form late afternoon and SSW to SE in the evening.
• 10/10/19: Partly cloudy with cu, sc and ac clouds. Smoke haze. Fluctuating temperature from mid-morning to mid afternoon. Dew point was generally stable and near average and moderately low in some of the early hours, the morning and afternoon, before slowly rising from late afternoon and stable in the late evening close to average. Variable relative humidity but near average in the afternoon and evening. Light WSW to SSW winds early, SSW to SE in the morning, SE to ENE from mid-morning, SSE to ESE in the late afternoon and SSW to ESE in the evening.
• 11/10/19: Midday mild brief thunderstorm and a mild mid-afternoon thunderstorm. Mid-evening mild thunderstorm with brief heavy falls and thundery showers in late evening with heavy falls. A cool morning. Very variable temperature later in the morning and afternoon and the largest temperature fall with the daytime thunderstorms. A small rise in temperature in the early evening. Dew point was near average early in the day and was briefly moderately low. During the day the dew point was near average falling to moderately low just before the daytime thunderstorms before rising back to near average. From the mid-afternoon the dew point rose while remaining near average. Relative humidity was moderately low early and near average during the day and in the evening and was quite variable during the day. Light and variable winds early in the day, S to SSW winds becoming S to SE in the morning, ENE to SE from mid-morning, SSE to ESE from midday and ESE to E in the afternoon. Variable winds from mid-afternoon, N in late afternoon and early evening with some SW winds later in the evening before thundery showers.
• 12/10/19: Light showers and rain at times from 4 am, brief heavy falls at 7am, easing at 9am, returning in the late morning and clearing at midday. Cloudy with cu, sc and as clouds clearing at midday with some cu and ac clouds. Sluggish and near average temperature early before falling after sunrise. The minimum temperature (11.8 ºC) was reached at 8:41 am before the temperature rose. In the late morning the temperature stabilised before rising in the afternoon. Below average maximum temperature and was a cool day. A cool evening with the temperature falling below the minimum temperature that occurred the morning. Stable and near average dew point early before falling from sunrise before stabilising during later in the morning and then rose through to midday. In the afternoon the dew point fell and became stable and moderately low through to the evening. Relative humidity was stable and high from early falling in the afternoon and became near average from the afternoon. Light winds were generally WSW to SSW winds becoming light and variable early, WSW to SSW from 6 am, and slightly gusty W to SW light winds from mid-morning. Winds were S to SE in the late morning then WSW to S in the afternoon, SSE in late afternoon and became calm in the evening except for some S to SW winds.
• 13/10/19: Fine. Sunny morning with some cu clouds developing from later in the morning and partly cloudy at times in the afternoon. Stable temperature in the early hours and a cool morning. Variable day-time temperature. Stable and moderately low dew point early rising slightly in the early morning and then falling from mid-morning to mid-afternoon. In the afternoon the dew point while becoming near average stabilised from the late afternoon and fell slowly in the late evening. Moderately low daytime relative humidity. Light W to SW winds and then WSW to SSW from the early morning, SSW to SSE in the early afternoon, becoming SE to ENE from mid-afternoon. SSE to ESE from late afternoon and light and variable winds at times in the evening.
• 14/10/19: A cool morning. The temperature rose briefly at 2 am and was variable in the morning and afternoon. Dew point was near average over the entire day and was stable early in the day, before rising in the morning before rising slower from the mid-morning and stable from the late afternoon. Near average relative humidity. S to SW light winds in the early morning, followed by light and variable winds, E to NNE winds from mid-morning, with some E to SE also from the late morning and ESE to ENE in during the afternoon. E to NE light winds later in the afternoon and N to NE in the evening.
• 15/10/19: Cloudy with cu and as clouds, partly cloudy with cu clouds from late morning. Light showers and mild thunderstorm in the early hours with light to moderate falls clearing in the early morning. A cool morning and variable temperature in the morning and afternoon. Smoke haze. Near average dew point rose from early in the day, before generally falling in the afternoon and stable from the late afternoon. In the late morning the dew point became briefly moderately high. Light and variable winds early mostly W to SSW and N to NE, calm between 5am and 8am, ENE to NNE from am ESE to NE from late morning, ENE to NNE from late afternoon and ENE to NE later in the evening.
• 16/10/19: Cloudy with sc clouds early, partly cloudy with cu clouds from late morning and clearing in the afternoon. Smoke haze. A warm morning and a warm day. The dew point was stable and fell in the early hours before rising during the morning and became moderately high in the mid-morning before falling back to near average in the late morning. After stabilising in the middle of the day the dew point rose slowly in the early afternoon and then fell during the afternoon and evening whilst remaining near average. Light N to NE winds very early in the day before becoming calm followed by constant N to ENE winds from early morning, E to NE from late morning and N to NE winds in the evening.
• 17/10/19: Partly cloudy with cu and ci clouds in the morning with increasing cu, sc, as, ci, cs and cb clouds in the afternoon and cloudy at times. A moderate and gusty brief thunderstorm at 4:40 pm with some heavy falls. Smoke haze. The dew point was stable early in the day before rising during the morning and stabilising from the late morning close to average after falling slightly. In the early afternoon the dew point rose before falling for the rest of the day while remaining close to average. For 1 hour with and following the thunderstorm the dew point rose. A warm morning and a hot day. The temperature fell quickly and the relative humidity rose quickly with the thunderstorm. Light winds at times early in the day was mostly NE to NW with some W to SW in the early hours, E to NNE from mid-morning, light to moderate E to NE in the afternoon, gusty NNW to W winds with the storm and light NE to SE winds at times following the thunderstorm. A sharp rise in air pressure with the thunderstorm.
• 18/10/19: Partly cloudy with ac and sc in the morning, cu clouds later in the morning, clearing in the afternoon. A warm morning. A small rise in temperature at 3 am and variable temperature during the morning and afternoon. Dew point was stable before falling in the early hours and then rising in the early morning close to average. For the rest of the morning the dew point fell before stabilising in the afternoon and evening. Light NW to SW winds at times early before S to SE winds in the early morning and an E to SE wind change during the morning. Light ESE to ENE winds in the afternoon and evening.
• 19/10/19: Cloudy with sc clouds and cu from later in the morning and cb at times, partly cloudy at times in the afternoon. Heavy fog with visibility down to 30 metres in the evening. Light showers in the mid-morning, followed by a moderate thunderstorm with some heavy rain at 11:40 am. Light early afternoon shower. Late afternoon decaying thunderstorm and light shower. A warm morning and a cool day. The temperature was a little variable during the day and fell briefly in the late morning with the thunderstorm. The dew point slowly rose early in the day, more quickly during the morning (briefly quickly with the thunderstorm) and became moderately high in the afternoon. The dew point then fell through the afternoon and evening returning back to near average. High relative humidity over the entire day and during the late morning thunderstorm the relative humidity rose quickly. Light S to SW winds at times early in the day more frequent from the early morning. SSW to WSW winds from mid-morning, ESE to S following the storm, then variable winds in the afternoon, N to NE from mid-afternoon, ENE to N in the evening and became calm from 8pm.
• 20/10/19: Sc and cu clouds clearing in early morning and partly cloudy with cu clouds from late morning. Very fog early cleared with sunrise. Brief mid-evening shower. The temperature was a little variable during the morning and afternoon. The temperature was stable during much of the evening except for a brief fall in temperature during the evening shower. Dew point was near average early before falling sharply from 8:55 am becoming moderately low in the late afternoon before rising sharply to near average in the early afternoon. The dew point then rose slowly for the rest of the day, rose briefly with the evening shower and fell slightly in the late evening. High relative humidity early and moderately low during the daytime. Light W to SW winds early becoming light and variable in the early morning followed by a light and gusty S to SE wind change from 8:15 am with some S to SW winds. After light and variable winds during the morning winds became E to SE from the late morning, SSE to ESE from mid-afternoon and S to SE in the evening.
• 21/10/19: Fine and partly cloudy with cu clouds. Smoke haze cleared during the day. Near average dew point was stable early before falling during the morning and became moderately low in the late morning. In the afternoon the dew point rose to near average and became stable from the late afternoon. Variable dew point in morning and afternoon. Moderately low and variable daytime relative humidity. Light S to SW winds early, S to ESE from mid-morning, SSE to E from the afternoon and became calm in the evening.
• 22/10/19: Fine and partly cloudy with cu and sc clouds. Variable temperature during the morning and afternoon. The dew point rose and fell several times while remaining close to average. Moderately low relative humidity early in the day and variable in the morning and afternoon. Calm winds in the early hours, light WSW to SSW in the early morning becoming variable in the mid-morning and E to SE from the late morning. Winds became calm during the evening except for some WNW winds briefly in the late evening.
• 23/10/19: Fine. Partly cloudy with cu and sc clouds. Temperature was stable for much of the early hours and variable in the morning and afternoon. Dew point was near average while rising and falling several times during the day before falling slowly later in the evening. Light SSW winds in the early morning becoming SSE to ESE, SE to ENE from late morning, E to NE in late afternoon and became calm in the evening.
• 24/10/19: Fine. Sunny and cloud-free. Afternoon smoke haze. Near average dew point was stable early before rising in the early morning, before falling during the morning, rising during the afternoon and fell slowly from the late afternoon while remaining near average. Light S to SW winds in the early morning becoming NW to NW and ESE to NE later from mid-morning. From the late morning was light E to NE winds, ENE to NNE from late afternoon becoming calm in the evening.
• 25/10/19: Fine and sunny. Dew point fell slowly before rising early in the day close to average. In the early morning the dew point fell quickly and continued to fall during the rest of the morning becoming moderately low in the late morning. The dew point rose quickly in the late morning and was stable for the rest of the day remaining near average. Moderately low daytime relative humidity. Light NNW to ENE winds in the early morning, N to ENE winds from mid-morning, E to NE from late morning and N to NNW in the evening.
• 26/10/19: Fine and sunny. Near average dew point over the entire day, falling and then rising early in the day, falling in the morning, and rising in the afternoon and stable from late afternoon. Moderately low daytime relative humidity. Light N to NE winds from early morning, E to NE from late morning and N to NE from late afternoon.
• 27/10/19: Fine and sunny with some cu clouds mostly to the west in the afternoon. Near average and generally stable dew point over the entire day. Moderately low daytime and evening relative humidity. Calm winds became light N to NW with some W to NW early in the morning, N to NE from 7am, a light S to SE wind change from 8:20 am becoming ENE to SE during the morning, ESE to ENE winds from mid-afternoon, S to SE in the evening and SSW to S later in the evening.
• 28/10/19: Fine. Smoke haze. Cloudy periods with cu and sc clouds. A warm morning and variable temperature in the morning and afternoon. Near average dew point slowly fell in the early hours, rose in the morning and afternoon and fell from the late afternoon. Moderately low relative humidity in the early hours and in the evening. Light S to WSW winds in the early hours, WSW to SSW in the early hours becoming SSW to SE, E to SE winds from the mid-morning with some E to NE in the late morning and S to SE from the late afternoon.
• 29/10/19: A warm morning and variable temperature in the morning and afternoon. Dew point was near average that slowly fell early in the day and in the morning before slowly rising in the afternoon and falling slowly in the evening while remaining near average. Moderately low relative humidity early and late in the day. Light SSW to SSE winds early, S to SW in the early morning, E to SE from mid-morning, ESE to ENE from late afternoon and became calm later in the evening.
• 30/10/19: Cloudy with sc and as clouds with some cu clouds and in the afternoon was some ac clouds. A cool day with variable temperature in the morning and afternoon. Dew point was average that was stable early, rising during the early morning, falling during the morning and afternoon, rose in the early evening and fell later in the evening. Calm winds became light W to SSW winds in the early morning, ESE to NE winds from the mid-morning, E to NE from mid-afternoon, N to NE in the evening and became calm later in the evening.
• 31/10/19: Fine and partly cloudy with cu clouds and some ac, ci and cc clouds also. Variable temperature in morning and afternoon. Near average and variable dew point became moderately low in the early afternoon before rising back to near average and fell slowly from late afternoon into the evening. Moderately low daytime and evening relative humidity. Light ESE to ENE winds from early morning, ESE to ENE from late morning and became calm from mid-evening.

 

Station records for October 2019

NOTE: This is a summary of the aforementioned monthly records exceeded over a monthly basis. Additionally it lists records that are the lowest or highest in at least 5 years. See end notes for more information about record periods.

 

 

Key records for October 2019

NOTE: These records are drawn from automatic data record for this site. See end notes for more information.

 

 

 

Data summary tables for October 2019